The Dachshund, sometimes known as the dachshund, is a small, short-legged, elongated-bodied breed of dog. The standard-sized breed was designed to hunt and drive off badgers (Dachshund is German for literally badger dog), while the smaller-sized version was used to hunt rabbits. Consequently, Dachshunds are energetic and tenacious animals with a lot of character.

Breed Origins

Perhaps unsurprisingly, the modern Dachshund originated in Germany. However, some experts believe that the origins of the breed can be traced back to Ancient Egypt, where engravings have been found showing short-legged hunting dogs. Also, the American University in Cairo has made discoveries of mummified dogs that closely resemble the Dachshund.

However, today’s Dachshunds were first bred in Germany using a mix of terrier breeds from France, Germany, and Great Britain. Bred to track badgers by scent, the Dachshund was used to hunt both above and below ground. The first known reference to the breed dates back to the early 18th century. Although references to ‘badger dogs’ are made before this time, this is believed to indicate the purpose of the dog rather than the specific breed.

The Dachshund became a popular pet among the royal courts of Europe. In fact, the breed was a favorite of Queen Victoria.

Appearance

The modern Dachshund is much smaller than its ancestors. Today, a standard sized dog will weigh between 15 and 28 pounds, while the small (miniature) breed weighs about 11 pounds. Dachshunds have short but muscular legs, with comparatively large paws to help them dig. The breed has a long snout, which is designed to absorb more odors and make it a more effective hunter. Additionally, a Dachshund’s chest is deep to allow for a large lung capacity and thus greater endurance.

Dachshunds have three coat types: wirehaired, smooth, and longhaired. These coats come in a variety of colors and patterns, including a single color with points (known as mottled), a single color with tan points, and piebald. The most common colors are black and tan, and red.

Character and Temperament

All dog breeds are genetically predisposed to certain character traits, according to the purposes for which the breed was designed. In the case of Dachshunds, which were bred to hunt small game, it is not surprising that Dachshunds can be very aggressive and terrier-like in their behavior. Unfortunately, Dachshunds have been known to bite strangers and attack small animals. Of course, this behavior can be modified with proper training, but for this reason a Dachshund owner needs to have firm control over his animal. Therefore, they are not recommended for first-time owners.

Likewise, Dachshunds are notoriously difficult to housetrain. Therefore, a lot of patience and perseverance is required. There are some who believe that Dachshunds have a low level of canine intelligence, but, rather than a lack of intelligence, it seems to be the headstrong nature of the breed that makes obedience training difficult.

That said, Dachshunds are fiercely loyal and make great companions. They love to spend time with their owners and, like many dogs, become distressed if left alone for long periods of time.

Dashshunds and children

Generally, a well-behaved Dachshund will enjoy the company of children in the family. However, it is equally important that the child behaves well, because rough and overly exuberant play will scare the dog and he or she may bite when he is frightened. Therefore, it is not recommended to have a Dachshund in a home with very young children. Also, older children should watch out for the breed’s sensitive backs and joints and always play carefully.

Full of character, the Dachshund is a lively and energetic pet with a love of play. However, the breed can be a handful, so it’s wise to do your research before welcoming a Dachshund into your home.